See dess in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "andes"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "deas"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "jiass"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "deas"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "theas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "tess"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "cel-pro:*dexswos"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*dexswos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Irish\", \"term\" : \"dess\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sga\" }\" data-lang=\"sga\" data-title=\"dess\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*dexswos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dexswos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dexswos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-adj-o-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o/ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deisse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dessu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dessu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "dessaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "dessaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "ndess",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"altform": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dess",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dess",
"name": "sga-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gsm": "deiss"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-o-a"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_f_sg": "deiss",
"acc_m_pl": "dessu\ndessa†",
"acc_m_sg": "dess",
"dat_f_sg": "deiss",
"dat_m_sg": "dess",
"dat_n_sg": "dess",
"dat_pl": "dessaib",
"gen_f_sg": "deisse",
"gen_m_sg": "deiss",
"gen_n_sg": "deiss",
"gen_pl": "dess",
"info": "o/ā-stem",
"nom_f_sg": "dess",
"nom_fn_pl": "dessa",
"nom_m_pl": "deiss",
"nom_m_sg": "dess",
"nom_n_sg": "dess",
"notes": "*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative\n**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative\n† not when substantivized",
"voc_m_pl": "dessu\ndessa†",
"voc_m_sg": "deiss*\ndess**"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
23,
28
]
],
"english": "with the half from the right hand",
"text": "a lleth o laim deiss",
"translation": "with the half from the right hand",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"right (side, as opposed to left)"
],
"id": "en-dess-sga-adj-b3GZPZAE",
"links": [
[
"right",
"right"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"south"
],
"id": "en-dess-sga-adj-LaqNSgXf",
"links": [
[
"south",
"south"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd̠ʲes/"
}
],
"word": "dess"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish adjectives",
"Old Irish entries with etymon",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish o/ā-stem adjectives",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *deḱs-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"sv:Music"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "andes"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "deas"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "jiass"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "deas"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "theas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "tess"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "cel-pro:*dexswos"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*dexswos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Irish\", \"term\" : \"dess\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sga\" }\" data-lang=\"sga\" data-title=\"dess\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*dexswos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dexswos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dexswos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-adj-o-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o/ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deisse",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "deiss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dessu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dessu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dessa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "dessaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "dessaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "dess",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "ndess",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"altform": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dess",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dess",
"name": "sga-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gsm": "deiss"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-o-a"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_f_sg": "deiss",
"acc_m_pl": "dessu\ndessa†",
"acc_m_sg": "dess",
"dat_f_sg": "deiss",
"dat_m_sg": "dess",
"dat_n_sg": "dess",
"dat_pl": "dessaib",
"gen_f_sg": "deisse",
"gen_m_sg": "deiss",
"gen_n_sg": "deiss",
"gen_pl": "dess",
"info": "o/ā-stem",
"nom_f_sg": "dess",
"nom_fn_pl": "dessa",
"nom_m_pl": "deiss",
"nom_m_sg": "dess",
"nom_n_sg": "dess",
"notes": "*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative\n**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative\n† not when substantivized",
"voc_m_pl": "dessu\ndessa†",
"voc_m_sg": "deiss*\ndess**"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
23,
28
]
],
"english": "with the half from the right hand",
"text": "a lleth o laim deiss",
"translation": "with the half from the right hand",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"right (side, as opposed to left)"
],
"links": [
[
"right",
"right"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"south"
],
"links": [
[
"south",
"south"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd̠ʲes/"
}
],
"word": "dess"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dess meaning in Old Irish (6.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'feminine/neuter'",
"path": [
"dess"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "dess",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"dess"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "dess",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.